دير مار أنطونيوس الكبير - زحلة
تأسّس الدير في عام 1771 من قِبل مجموعة من الرهبان الموارنة الذين كانوا يسعون إلى إنشاء مكان للعبادة ل في قلب مدينة زحلة لخدمة المجتمع المارونيّ المحلي. نما دير القديس أنطونيوس على مرّ القرون في الحجم والأهميّة وأصبح مركزًا للعلم والروحانيّة. ورغم تعرّضه للحروب والغزوات والزلازل، إلّا أنه تم إعادة بنائه وترميمه عدة مرّات. تُعدّ كنيسة القديس أنطونيوس نقطة المحور في الدير، حيث تم بناؤها في منتصف القرن العشرين فوق الكنيسة الأصلية. ويتميّز الداخل بلوحات جداريّة رائعة ونوافذ زجاجية ملونة برسوم الفنان اللبناني أسعد رنّو. في الكنيسة مقام جانبي صغير مخصص للقديسة تيريزا. تشتهر مكتبة الدير كذلك بمجموعتها الضخمة من الكتب والمخطوطات والتحف القديمة. وبشكل عام، يُعدّ دير القديس أنطونيوس موقعًا ثقافيًا وروحيًا مهمًّا في زحلة، له تراث غنيّ يجذب الزوار من جميع أنحاء العالم.
The monastery of St. Anthony the great - Zahle
The monastery was established in 1771 by a group of Maronite monks with the intention of creating a place of worship and reflection for the local Maronite community in Zahle. Throughout the years, it has grown in both size and significance, developing into a hub for learning and spirituality. Despite experiencing wars, invasions, and earthquakes, the monastery has been reconstructed and renovated multiple times. The focal point of the monastery is the church of St. Anthony, which was built in the mid XXth century over the original church. The interior is decorated with stunning frescoes, stained glass windows created by the Lebanese artist Assaad Renno, and intricate altars. The church has a small lateral chapel dedicated to St. Therese of Lisieux. Another noteworthy feature of the monastery is its library, which houses an extensive collection of books, manuscripts, and ancient artifacts. Overall, the monastery is a significant cultural and spiritual site in Zahle, Lebanon, with a rich heritage that continues to attract visitors from all over the world.
هو من الأديار القديمة في الكنيسة المارونيَّة، بناه المرَدَةَ سنة ٨٥٠. إستولى عليه الحماديُّون حوالي سنة ١١٢١، مدَّةً من الزمن، فانتقل رهبانُه في أثنائها إلى دير سيِّدة إيليج. تَسَلَّمت الرهبانيَّةُ اللبنانيّة المارونيّة ديرَ ميفوق سنة ١٧٦٦، من الأمير يوسف الشهابيّ. انعقد في هذا الدير، مجمعًا إقليميًّا للكنيسة المارونيَّة، برئاسة القاصد الرسولي الأب بطرس دي مورينا و المطران ميخائيل الخازن سنة ١٧٨٠. سنة ١٨٥٠، أمضى فيه مار شربل سنة ابتداءٍ واحدة. أنشأت الرهبانيَّة معهدًا في الدير، سنة ١٩٢٢. وَمِن محفوظات دير سيِّدة – ميفوق، صورة سيِّدة إيليج الأثريَّة التي أُعيد ترميمُها بين سنتَي ١٩٨٢ ١٩٨٧. لعب الدّير دورًا على صُعُد التنشئة الرهبانيّة والوطنيّة دورًا بارزًا.
The monastery of Our Lady of Mayfouq - Mayfouq
One of the oldest Maronite monasteries built arround 850 by the Maradites. It was taken over by the Hamadi’s in 1121, and back then the monks moved to Ilige. The monastery was given to the Lebanese Maronite Order in 1766 by Prince Youssef Shehab. In 1780 a local Maronite council was held in the monastery presided by the papal delegate Fr Peter di Morina and bishop Mikael el Khazen. In 1850 St Charbel spent a year of his novitiate there. A school was founded by the order in 1922. The monastery holds the famous icon of our Lady of Ilige restored between 1982 and 1987. The monastery played a great national role and it was a major school of formation for the monks.
في البدء كان البناءُ جزءًا من بيتٍ كبيرٍ لوقف زغرتا، استعمله الأهالي مستودعًا لأدوات البناء عندما حاول الزغرتاويّون بناء كاتدرائيّة سنة ١٨٩٩ في المكان القائمة فيه الآن كنيسة مار يوحنّا المعمدان. ولمّا لم تتيسر الأموال لإتمام البناء، طلبت السيّدة آسة أرملة سليم بك كرم من الخوري سعاده حنا ديب سعاده أن يُستعمل هذا البيت معبدًا على اسم سيّدة الحارة، بعد الحصول على إذنٍ من البطريركيّة المارونيّة. رُممّت هذه الكنيسة مرارًا ووُسّعت وأُضيفت لها قبّة جرس. أُهملت الكنيسة بعد بناء كنيسة مار يوحنّا المعمدان المحاذية لها. أُعيد تجديدها سنة ٢٠٠٠.
The church of our Lady of Hara - Zgharta
The building was originally a tool basement for a house owned by the parish of Zgharta. In 1899 after the failing to build a cathedral nearby due to the lack of funds, a local lady named Assa, who is the widow of Selim Bey Karam asked Fr. Saade Hanna Dib Saade to convert the structure into a church dedicated to the Virgin Mary after the approval of the Maronite Patriarch. The church was renewed many times and a bell tower was added. However, after the construction of St John’s church nearby it fell into disuse. It was finally renewed in the year 2000.
Basilica of Our Lady of Mantara - بازيليك سيدة المنطرة, Maghdoucheh, Lebanon
مقام سيدة المنطرة العجائبي مغدوشة
Maghdoucheh
Saida
South
Our Lady of Mantara is a Melkite Greek Catholic Marian shrine in Maghdouché, Lebanon, discovered on 8 September 1721 by a young shepherd. The grotto, which according to a legend dates to ancient times, was subsequently cared after by Monsignor Eftemios Saïfi, Melkite Catholic bishop of the Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Sidon. The shrine consists of a tower crowned with the statue of the Virgin and Child, a cathedral, a cemetery and a sacred cave believed to be the one where the Virgin Mary rested while she waited for Jesus while he was in Tyre and Sidon. (Women were not allowed in some cities). Since its discovery, it has been steadily visited by families particularly each year on the occasion of the feast of the Nativity of Mary on 8 September.
Ancient era Many historians agree that the devotion to the Virgin Mary in Lebanon replaced the Phoenician worship of Astarte. Temples and shrines to Astarte were converted to Christian places of worship, honoring the Virgin. This is also true in Maghdouché where within the vicinity of Our Lady of Awaiting are the remains of a shrine to Astarte.
Middle Ages During the reign of Emperor Constantine, his mother, Saint Helena of Constantinople, requested in 324 the destruction of all pagan temples and idols dedicated to Astarte. The Astarte shrine in Maghdouché was probably destroyed at that time and converted to a place of devotion to the Holy Mother.
Since the early Christian era, the inhabitants of Maghdouché have venerated the cave where the Virgin Mary rested while she waited for her son, Jesus to finish preaching in Sidon. Saint Helena asked the Bishop of Tyre to consecrate a little chapel at the cave in Maghdouché. She sent the people of Maghdouché an icon of the mother and child and some altar furnishings. Historians believe that Saint Helena asked the people to name the chapel, and they named it "Our Lady of Awaiting" because it was there that the holy mother waited for her son.[4] Mantara is derivative of the Semitic root ntr, which means “to wait."
Saint Helena provided funds from the imperial treasury for the maintenance of the chapel. The funding continued for three centuries of Byzantine rule in Phoenicia until Khalid ibn al-Walid defeated Emperor Heraclius at the Battle of the Yarmuk.[4] While the caliph Omar, who became ruler of Jerusalem, was a pious and humble man, sparing Christendom's holiest shrines and being tolerant of his Christian subjects, the Arab rulers of the rest of Byzantium were less tolerant of the Christians, especially in the maritime cities of Tyre, Sidon, Beirut, Byblos, and Tripoli.[4] After the majority of the Sidonians converted to Islam to receive promised privileges and immunities, the people of Maghdouché withdrew to higher elevation up Mount Lebanon. The caliphate had recognised the Christians of Mount Lebanon as autonomous communities, paying a fixed tax. Before abandoning their village, they concealed the entrance to the cave of Our Lady of Awaiting with stones, earth and vines. The people left the village through obscure mountain paths to the strongholds of Christian Lebanon. The legend of Our Lady of Awaiting was passed down to the exiled generations of Maghdouché for one thousand years.
The people of Maghdouché did not return to their ancestral home despite the arrival of the Crusaders in Sidon. The Crusaders spent most of the 12th and 13th centuries in the shadow of Maghdouché without ever suspecting the sacred cave's existence even though they built a small fort, called La Franche Garde, within meters of the hidden entrance to the cave.
Modern era The people of Maghdouché only returned to their ancestral village during the reign of the Druze Prince Fakhreddin II (1572-1635). The prince, who was considered a tolerant and enlightened ruler of his day and age, believed in equality amongst the diverse religious followers of his Lebanon. To demonstrate this equality, he appointed a Maronite Catholic as Prime Minister, a Muslim as Minister of the Interior, a Druze as Army Commander and a Jew as Finance Minister. His reign was a rare example of non-sectarianism, and it soon became the most prosperous principality in the Ottoman Empire.
It was not easy to relocate the sacred cave even though the men of Maghdouché worked for hundreds of years near the grotto, pulling down the stones of the Crusader fort for building material for their new homes. The cave was finally rediscovered on 8 September 1721 by a young shepherd when one of his goats fell in a well-like opening in the porous limestone. Wanting to save his goat, the shepherd made a rope from vine twigs, tied it to a tree, and descended into the hole, but the rope broke and he fell. When his eyes became accustomed to the darkness of the grotto, the boy saw a soft glimmer of a golden object, which turned out to be Saint Helena’s icon of the Mother and Child. The boy climbed up the stone walls and ran to the village to tell his discovery.
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